Low Yield, High Costs

Protein High-Force Pulling Simulations Yield Low-Force Results

All-atom explicit-solvent molecular dynamics simulations are used to pull with extremely large constant force (750-3000 pN) on three small proteins. The introduction of a nondimensional timescale permits direct comparison of unfolding across all forces. A crossover force of approximately 1100 pN divides unfolding dynamics into two regimes. At higher forces, residues sequentially unfold from the...

Quantum Key Distribution Protocols with High Rates and Low Costs

Workers' compensation in the United States: high costs, low benefits.

Studies suggest that income replacement is low for many workers with serious occupational injuries and illnesses. This review discusses three areas that hold promise for raising benefits to workers while reducing workers' compensation costs to employers: improving safety, containing medical costs, and reducing litigation. In theory, workers' compensation increases the costs to employers of inju...

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We have introduced sequences encoding the lac repressor of Escherichia coli into the genome of the mouse. One sequence was derived from the bacterial lac operon and the other was created by reencoding the amino acid sequence of l a d with mammalian codons. Both versions are driven by an identical promoter fragment derived from the human 0-actin locus and were microinjected into genetically iden...

Transforming high risk to high yield.

1072 May 2014 A CUTE respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a major contributor toward perioperative morbidity and mortality. Although the crude mortality rates in earlier clinical trials from the ARDS Clinical Trials Network were comparatively higher than that reported in more recent studies of this group (35 and 26%, respectively),1 others have found that there has been little if any su...